Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Essay about Meanings of Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior

Meanings of Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior Tina Dean Grand Canyon University: SPE 553 November 26, 2012 Meanings of Intelligence and Adaptive Behavior Until several years ago, many students who were classified as having ID or assigned into an inclusion classroom were not expected to participate in standardized testing, however as late, everyone in public schools is expected to participate in standardized assessments. Some educators are happy with the change while others are concerned the assessments are not an accurate assessment of what students actually know. For many students with learning disabilities, standardized assessments often don’t accurately indicate what the student truly knows and where they have deficits. One†¦show more content†¦Inclusion needs to be implemented in a way that will not only boost the quality of performance generated by the assessment but also the constructive outcome of the education being provided. The difficulty therefore lies in being able to implement a sound assessment because of the significant essential factors. One factor that would have to be determined is how many special education students would qualify as ineligible to partake in the regular education assessments. Another factor that would be solved would be how the regular education assessment could be enhanced to better suit the needs of the special education students. Also, the decision would have to be made to determine the criteria for students who would qualify for accommodations and which accommodations would be appropriate. In order for all these decisions to be made, it is essential for all the characteristics as well as the needs of the indentified students be met, and it is almost impo ssible if the identification and classification of the students continue to be inconsistent. Another problem with assessing indentified students is the fact of accommodations. When a test is given to a student with disabilities, certain changes or â€Å"accommodations† are made. Some of these accommodations are simple as testing the student in a smaller group, allowing the frequent monitored breaks, allowing the student extra time to finishShow MoreRelatedComplexity Leadership For An Education Mnc1698 Words   |  7 PagesKnowledge is powerful, and creating a shared sense of knowledge and cultivating this throughout the organization, rather than a few leaders with the knowledge is required in leading a complex adaptive system (Best, 2014). 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The chapter informed readers of its definition, the various theoretical perspective of intelligence, the ways intelligence can be tested, and information on what factors affect intelligence. Theorists have been successful in finding distinctive qualities when defining intelligence. Some of the qualities mentioned were that intelligence is adaptive so that it meets individual’s needs in different situations. Intelligence also requires a learning ability and a useRead More Studies on Adolescene of Piaget and Erikson Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscovery that children of the same age often gave the same incorrect answers to questions, suggesting that there were consistent, qualitative differences in the nature of reasoning at different ages, not simply a quantitative increase in the amount of intelligence or knowledge. 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Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Relationship Between The Story of an Hour The Yellow...

Outline * Story of an Hour and Yellow Wallpaper have challenges that were faced by the protagonists, setting looked to be in the same era with men being in charge of their wives lives. * Both women were emotionally and psychically trapped in their relationships * Both wanted freedom from their husbands * Both protagonists had an illness, which lead to had an opposite effect on both characters * Mrs. Millard had a heart condition and the narrator would develop a mental illness * Mrs. Millard had the news break slowly to her, in the end her death was led by joy * The narrator in Yellow Wallpaper was confined in a room with wallpaper she disliked, the husband would say nothing is wrong with her;†¦show more content†¦Body and soul free!† (Chopin 3). In my point of view those feelings that Mrs. Mallard felt at that moment was finally being let go from her husband’s grasp and the shackles of marriage which was an imprisonment to her. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, the narrator of the story was remained nameless is confined in a room with eccentric wallpaper, which I think seems to symbolize the complexity and confusion in her life. The narrator’s freedom in this case would be writing, which did not sit well with her husband based on this quote; â€Å"There comes John, and I must put this away – he hates to have me write a word† (Gilman 57). For those moments the narrator writes in her journal she feels to have freedom and to express herself from reality, but in secret. The way the narrator describes her room as; â€Å"it is a big, airy room, the whole floor nearly, with windows that look all ways, and air and sunshine galore†¦I should judge, for the windows, are barred for little children and there are rings and things in the walls† (Gilman 56). This portrayal of the room could be described as confinement for the narrator, and a sense feeling trapped. In both short stories, the main characters, Mrs. Mallard and the narrator have or ended up developing some sort of illness while in their marriages which can create difficulties in their relationship. In â€Å"Story of an Hour†Show MoreRelatedComparison of the Yellow Wallpaper, Story of an Hour, and Gaslight960 Words   |  4 Pagesremain deeply embedded in our culture. Today and in the past, feminist notions about the social norms that limit womens possibilities have yearned for expression and have found this through various artistic outlets. The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin, and the 1944 Film Gaslight are three artistic works that relay feminist themes in a unique way. These three works differ in certain aspects, but all ultimately embody the same underlying theme of the oppressionRead MoreComparison Essay of The Yellow Wallpaper and The Story of an Hour958 Words   |  4 PagesEssay â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin are two different stories with the women both suffering from an illness. One of the women are sufferering from a mental illness and the other physical, and both are bery emotionally detached from their husbands. In â€Å"An Story of an Hour† Mrs. Mallard is at first devistated from her husbands death but soon realizes this means she is free from him, and in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† it seemsRead MoreCultural Analysis : The Yellow Wallpaper927 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Analysis: The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story told from the perspective of a woman who’s believed to be â€Å"crazy†. The narrator believes that she is sick while her husband, John, believes her to just be suffering from a temporary nervous depression. The narrator’s condition worsens and she begins to see a woman moving from behind the yellow wallpaper in their bedroom. The wallpaper captures the narrator’s attention and initial drives herRead MoreKate Chopin s The Yellow Wallpaper1415 Words   |  6 Pagescan be seen in Kate Chopin’s writing called, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s writing called, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper.† There are many similarities and differences between both Victorian women’s perspectives and writing. This paper will compare and contrast the short stories written by Kate Chopin and Charlotte Gilman. When the audience reads both Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Charlotte Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† there is a strong voice of Victorian women. TheRead More Oppression of Women in Chopins Story of an Hour and Gilmans Yellow Wallpaper 1246 Words   |  5 PagesChopins Story of an Hour and Gilmans Yellow Wallpaper    The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin and The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman share the same view of the subordinate position of women in the late 1800s. Both stories demonstrate the devastating effects on the mind and body that result from an intelligent person living with and accepting the imposed will of another. This essay will attempt to make their themes apparent by examining a brief summery of their stories and relatingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper: A Look Into Post-Partum Depression1061 Words   |  5 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman’s story, The Yellow Wallpaper, portrays the life and mind of a woman suffering from post-partum depression in the late eighteenth century. Gilman uses setting to strengthen the impact of her story by allowing the distant country mansion symbolize the loneliness of her narrator, Jane. Gilman also uses flat characters to enhance the depth of Jane’s thoughts; however, Gilman’s use of narrative technique impacts her sto ry the most. In The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins GilmanRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper Literary Analysis 1486 Words   |  6 PagesThe setting of these two stories emphasize, on visually showing us how the main characters are based around trying to find freedom despite the physical, mental and emotional effects of living in confinement. While on the other hand, dealing with Psychology’s ugly present day behavior showing dystopia of societies views of women during the time period they lived. Comparatively, the relationships between the two main characters in the stories portray women’s yearning for freedom with different typesRead MoreFiction Essay: Yellow Wallpaper and Story of the Hour1517 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Victoria Reyes English 104-OL5 Professor Steiner September 9, 2013 â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper and Story of The Hour: A Character Analysis† Marriage has often been described as one of the most beautiful and powerful unions one human can form with another. It is the sacred commitment and devotion that two people share in a relationship that makes marriage so appealing since ancient times, up until today. To have and to hold, until death do us part, are the guarantees that two individuals makeRead MoreThe Oppressive Force in Marriage 1266 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novels written by Charlotte Gilman and Kate Chopin, the concept of marriage is contradicted from the romanticized relationship to a notion of imprisonment. Through the feminist perspective the reader gains a sense in which marriage may be the primary cause to gender oppression. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Gilman’s central figure, who is unknown to the reader, is metaphorically imprisoned in a house in which the warden is her own husband. In contrast to this Chopin’s Character, Louise MallardRead MoreOpression and Freedom of Women in L iteratu1662 Words   |  7 Pagesmarriages lead many women to feel heavily burdened, both mentally and physically. In the literary works â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, both women are characterized as victims oppressed by their marriage and their strong desire to be free. In each story, the women depicted are oppressed in their marriages. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† the unidentified woman is taken to a summer house by her husband, John, so she may recover from her condition

Monday, December 9, 2019

Pawnshop free essay sample

The proponents intend to put up a business that will increase the growth of the consumer in the pawnshop industry in the Philippines. They come up with a pawnshop business because it connects with their future profession as financial managers. They notice that most Filipinos become conscious on the frequent changes in the prices of our basic needs. Because of that changing status in our country, most of them are engaging in lending activities that maintain a strong growth in the industry. The proponents’ pawnshop business is a Filipino-focused business because they want progress for every Filipino by engaging in a lending activity that gives fast access, lower interest rate and very approachable transactions to the costumers. It is an essential tool to help Filipinos when they experience financial difficulties. The business aims to give every Filipino in the country a high quality of service with very low interest rate of financial intermediation during their times of financial needs. The Marketing Aspect For this feasibility study, the proponents conducted a survey and random sampling was used in choosing the respondents. When the results were tallied, the result was, 30 projected customers per day is the target market of the business. Signage, Flyers, Tarpaulins, Calendar, Shirts and Umbrellas are used as promotional tools. Management Aspect The Management Aspect had the proposed business structure of limited partnership. The business will employ 5 employees for the business. It composes the General Manager/Appraiser , Clerk and 2 security guards. Each employee will be given benefits and compensation just in accordance to the Philippine Labor Code. Policies will also be implemented for them all to follow. Technical Aspect For the business to operate, the proponents seek a located in Roman cor. Soler St. , Brgy. 293, Zone 28, District III, Binondo, Manila. The location is populated by households, establishments and has strong foot traffic. The area can accommodate at least 30 clients. Financial Aspect The Financial Aspect illustrates that the study is feasible, with the capital of P 700,000. 00 and net income of ________ on its first year of operation. Distribution among partners is divided equally. CHAPTER 2 BUSINESS CONCEPT 2. 1 OVERVIEW Pawning began in Ancient China, over 3000 years ago, and features in the written histories of Greek and Roman civilizations. The Nursery Rhyme Pop Goes the Weasel refers to it; a ‘weasel’ is a shoemakers tool and to pop is a slang term for pawning. Hence: Thats the way the money goes Pop goes the weasel. Queen Isabella of Spain pawned some crown jewels to pay for Columbus’s voyages. The word pawn comes from Latin – patinum meaning cloth or clothing – and French. As defined in the Presidential Decree No. 114 of the Philippines, pawnshop shall refer to a person or entity engaged in the business of lending money on personal property delivered as security for loans and shall be synonymous, and may be used interchangeably, with pawnbroker or pawn brokerage. It provides additional source of credit especially for small borrowers left unserved by the banking and other financial institutions in the country. Pawnshop Regulation Act of the Philippines (PD No. 114) is a declared policy of the state to regulate the establishment of pawnshops and to place their operation on a sound and stable basis to derive the optimum advantages from them as an additional source of credit; to prevent and mitigate, as far as practicable, practices prejudicial to public interest; and to lay down the minimum requirements and standards under which they may be established and do business. 2. 2 BUSINESS NAME DJN pawnshop is the chosen name of the proposed business. DJN stands for the names of the owners of the business, Deanna Jane and Joanne Nathalie. Aside from that, DJN also has different meanings. D stands for â€Å"Dependable† because our customers can depend on us with their financial needs in exchange for the security of their valuable items. J stands for â€Å"Just† because we give them reasonable appraisal. And N stands for â€Å"near to one’s heart† since we understand and feel the needs of our customers. 2. 3 BUSINESS LOGO The logo of the proposed Pawnshop is a diamond with the business name on it. The tagline is also included below the diamond and it is in a curve position to emphasize the â€Å"Smile† attitude of the employees in serving the customers. The diamond represents the quality of service of DJN Pawnshop. The yellow and black color of the logo signifies the color of the logo of pawnshop industry in general. The border of the word â€Å"Pawnshop† means security. The logo is chosen to give the market the awareness about what the business is all about. 2. 4 BUSINESS OFFERINGS DJN Pawnshop will act as a short term collateralized lender that will accept jewelries, electronics, certain musical instruments, and other objects of resalable value with the intent to provide a loan to the customer. The pawnshop will also offer other services such as electronic loading and foreign exchange. It will give convenience for the customers because they will not need to go to banks to sell their foreign currencies at a low price. The pawnshop will give higher selling price compared to banks depending on the foreign currency rate. 2. 5 UNIQUE QUALITY The proposed business offers quality of service. It is a Dependable, Just, and Near to one’s heart. Part of the quality of service that the proposed business offer is the attitude of every employee of serving with a smile. Aside from gold and other precious metals, DJN Pawnshop also accepts precious stones and any other resalable items. And it has additional services such as E-load vendo machine and foreign exchange. DJN Pawnshop aims to maintain the quality of every item being pawned. It will use electronic precious metal and stone testers to make sure that there will be no scratches when the appraiser check the purity of the precious items. These testers will give quality of service to the customers since the process is quick and easy to do. The customers will be able to get the loan fast because of the quick service that DJN Pawnshop provides. 2. 6 BUSINESS STRUCTURE DJN Pawnshop is a business in the form of general partnership. Its business structure is composed of two general managers (the partners) who will also be the appraisers of the items to be pawned, a clerk who will receive all the items and record the daily transactions of the pawnshop, and two security guards who will be responsible for securing the area of operation during daytime as well as the customers of our pawnshop. 2. 7 LOCATION In choosing the location of the business, the proponents considered the demand for having a pawnshop in the area. When the proponents looked for the location, they found out that there were only two pawnshops near the area but they are not convenient for our target market since they are located at Recto Ave. , Tondo, Manila. DJN Pawnshop will be located at Roman cor. Soler St. , Binondo, Manila since our target market is the sales personnel, vendors and residents within the area. It is very accessible for the clients of DJN Pawnshop to visit the store whenever they will obtain a loan, and exchange for foreign currencies, since it is located beside 999 Mall and 168 Shopping Mall. 2. 8 FEASIBILITY STUDY AND OBJECTIVES GENERAL OBJECTIVE: Generally, the goal of the business is to develop the Filipino lifestyle in their financial aspect by providing every Filipinos, specifically those in the vicinity, who are in need of a financial assistance through lending money with reasonable interest in return. The business is not just focusing on the profit gain but also on the welfare of every Filipinos in the country. Another goal of the business is to reduce dependency of Filipinos on moneylenders who charge high interest rates, and to facilitate the credit needs of the marginalized sector in the country. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: The proponents have come up with their objectives for different aspects: 1. MARKETING ASPECT To come up with a successful marketing strategies for the business. To establish the potential target market of the business precisely. To present the demand and supply of a business. To apply the result of the market research. To have a good relationship with the clients 2. MANAGEMENT ASPECT To identify all the needs for the personnel of the business. To classify the business sections and key positions of the business. To establish good objectives and guiding principles of the business. To identify the different skills and abilities of the proponents to handle the business. 3. TECHNICAL ASPECT To determine the total costing of the service. To be able to make a best quality service for the customers. To develop an effective production process to increase productivity. To determine the best sources of supplies used in the operation of the service at reasonable cost. 4. FINANCIAL ASPECT To determine the liquidity of the business for 5 years. To present the sales projection of the business. To provide financial report and its analysis. To determine the business profitability and sustainability. CHAPTER 3 SITUATION ANALYSIS 3. 1 RELATED STUDIES These days, pawnshops are popular more than ever. Not only the transactions costs on the part of the borrower are very minimal, loans are also easily obtained, provided that, an item of value can be presented as collateral. With their rapid expansion, pawnshops have definitely taken a development role. Although pawnshops are currently regulated by the Central Bank, pawnshops are admittedly the least regulated among the financial institutions. Those who desire to open a pawn clearance from the central bank, unlike other financial institutions such as finance companies. Also, branching regulations that are applied to banks are not applied to pawnshops. In addition to this, the financial reforms have been favorable to pawnshops. In particular, the lifting of the interest rate ceiling tends to improve the profitability of pawnshops. Pawnshops have been spared from such restriction. In fact, the minimum capital imposed and has remained the same till the present; whereas the minimum capital requirement for banks and other non – bank financial institution has been increased. The strong demand for the services of pawnshops made them a very attractive business venture. This has not gone unnoticed by small entrepreneurs. Pawnshops have sprouted in almost every corner of the country. However a new commercial building is completed, chances are there is one or two new pawnshops that are also opened. During the height of the financial crisis, pawnshops were very selective with regard to the kind of asset they accepted as collateral. They preferred less bulky high valued items like jewelry. Lately, with the stiffer competition, pawnshops have broadened the range of items they accept as collateral. Some pawnshops even accept appliances and later on some gadgets. The stiff competition among pawnshop has also brought down the effective lending rates charged. Presently, all pawnshops no longer impose service charges and liquidated damage fee for overdue loans. While most pawnshops still charge 4 percent per month loans others have started giving discounts, especially to highly – favored clients. There is no information regarding the uses of loans provided by pawnshops. This is because pawnshops, in practice, do not ask about the purpose of the loan, nor do they examine the repayment capacity of the borrowers since all loans are secured by chattels. Although there is a prohibition against lending an amount less than 30 percent of the appraised value of the security offered for the loan by the pawner, pawnshops may quote a lower appraised value since they make the appraisal themselves. Hence, pawnshops are not worried about loan defaults since they can sell the chattels at market price. 3. 2 INDUSTRY REVIEW The 2009 Annual Survey of Philippines Business and Industry (ASPBI) covered a total of 14,078 Financial Intermediation establishments. As shown in the graph, Pawnshop operations registered the highest number of establishments with 6,953 or comprising of almost fifty percent (49. 4%) of the total. Credit granting ranked second with 23. 4 percent and Non – bank financial intermediation third with 14. 4 percent. However, insurance pension funding, except compulsory social security recorded the least number of establishments with one percent. 3. 3 INDUSTRY KEY DRIVERS AND KEY BARRIERS Population is one factor that affects the market for either product or service. According to the definition of population, it is one of the main components of a market. A logical place to start is with the analysis of total population. The increase in population will result to the increase in credit needs, and rising population means more mouth to feed, more children to be educated and more people to be cared of. Credit is not luxury items that people will care of credit to economize. Credit becomes a necessary in order to sustain the increasing population. The market for consumer services like credit is also influenced by such factors as Education and Occupation. As observed, loan sharks are able to the businessmen better with people who are not adequately educated. These people are not aware that are interest being imposed upon them are illegal and too much. In market that is predominated with educated people, money lenders will find it hard to compare with institution like pawnshop that can provide the same credit but at a very much lower cost. Occupation and income are also factors that affect demands because people alone do not make a market, they must have money to spend and pay for the services and goods they need. It is found out that people tend to avail credit from different lending institution especially when they know that they have income by which they can in repaying their debts. The people of Binondo are very much concern about debts. They are afraid on when will they get the money to pay their debts. These threats will also be beneficial to pawnshop, since people will prefer to pawn their valuables than to encounter debts from neighbors. 3. 4 TARGET MARKET 3. 5 COMPETITION DIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name Sarmiento Pawnshop Products and Services Pawning of gold (4% Interest Rate) Remittance (LBC, Palawan Express) Current Market Tenants and Shoppers of 168 Shopping Mall Number of years in business Less than One (1) Year Sales and Marketing Strategies Partnership with LBC and Palawan Express Strengths The first pawnshop business inside 168 Shopping Mall. Weaknesses New to the market. DIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name MegaTrade Pawnshop Products and Services Pawning of gold (4% Interest Rate) Remittance (LBC, Palawan Express) Current Market Vendors and Small business owners in Tutuban Mall and Tondo area. Number of years in business 6 years Sales and Marketing Strategies Discount on diamonds Strengths Locally known pawnshop Weaknesses Accepts gold and diamond only. DIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name Cebuana Lhuillier Products and Services Pawning Remittance Insurance Bills Payment E-load Foreign Exchange Current Market Stall owners, sales employees, and shoppers in 999 Mall. Number of years in business 48 years Tagline Walang Kapantay Magpahalaga Sales and Marketing Strategies Television Commercials High Appraisal Strengths Well Known Pawnshop Business Stability Variety of Product offerings Weaknesses With Hidden Charges INDIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name M. Lhuillier Products and Services Money Changer Insurance Plans Kwarta Padala KP To-Go Telco Loading M Lhuillier Food Products Current Market B and C Number of years in business 34 years Tagline Ang Tulay ng Pilipino Sales and Marketing Strategies Television Commercials News Papers and Magazine Articles Strengths Business Stability Known to the market Variety of product offerings Weaknesses Lower transactions High Expenses INDIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name Eastwest Bank Products and Services Savings Credit cards Personnal Loan E-Banking Investments Loans (Auto,House etc. ) Foreign Exchange Current Market A and B Number of years in business 19 years Tagline Your Dream, Our Focus Sales and Marketing Strategies Television Commercial Strengths Established already Online banking facilities Weaknesses Does not offer wide variety of products High interest rate INDIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name UCPB Products and Services Savings Online Banking UCPB Connect Bills Payment Credit card Mobile ATM Van Loans Foreign Exchange Fund Transfers OFW Remittance Current Market A and B Number of years in business 50 years Tagline A Passion for Customer Satisfaction Lots of requirements needed High interest rate Possible loan Declined Sales and Marketing Strategies Television Commercials Strengths Established already Well known Business Weaknesses Not locally known High interest rates INDIRECT COMPETITOR Business Name BDO Products and Services e-Banking accounts Trust and Investments Loans Credit/debit cards Remittance Services Insurance Current Market A and B Number of years in business 45 years Tagline We Find Ways Sales and Marketing Strategies Television commercials Newspaper and magazine articles Strengths Incorporate with SM Well Known Business Locally Known Weaknesses Possible denied loans High Interest Rate Lots of Requirements when availing loans 3. 6 SWOT MIX Strengths Weaknesses Location of the Pawnshop Efficient effective Services â€Å"Smile† attitude of the employees in serving the customers. Services expansion based on the customer demands Lower interest rates High appraisal rates No hidden Charges Business is new in the market It has limited promotions Unknown to possible consumers Poor security of the location Opportunities Threats The location is highly visited High traffic of potential target market Competitors within the area Some of the customers prefer to borrow money from relatives. CHAPTER 4 BUSINESS VIABILITY 4. 1 MARKETING ASPECT MARKET DESCRIPTION Our Proposed project is an establishment that provides credit for small borrowers in substitute to other financial institution. Our pawnshop gives our customer satisfaction to obtain their financial needs by means of lending and also provide them quality and best service. Pawnshop provides additional source of credit especially for small borrowers left unanswered by banks and other financial institution. The emphasis has been on providing credit for individuals who are in urgent need of money and for ordinary customers. In terms of serving financial needs to the people, pawnshop is much different from the bank or any entity that provides loan or credit. The big difference is that, in banks, the transactions involve weeks and even months and volume of paper requirements to meet. One can also get credit from loan sharks (â€Å"5’6†). The difference though, is the interest and terms and conditions of the payment As we conduct study about the operation of our proposed project, pawnshop mostly found near the market place, residential and commercial establishments. PRODUCT/SERVICE OFFERINGS SERVICE NAME DESCRIPTION Pawning the core service e of DJN Pawnshop The proposed business offers short-term loans to clients with jewelries (precious stones and metals), watch, appliances, electronic gadgets, musical instruments, and other objects of resalable value as collaterals. Offers high appraisal rates and guarantees the safety of the item. Clients may partially pay the principal loan to extend the contract. Clients can also renew their loans 30% 60% Appraisal rate 4% Interest rate E-Load Convenient way to reload for prepaid internet and mobile phone users subscribed to major telecommunication networks. as per customer’s need Foreign Exchange (Money Changer) Quick conversion of international currencies to Philippine peso with hassle. Offers a competitive foreign exchange rates. Foreign currency rate based. TAG LINE â€Å"Ayos alahas mo rito†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The proposed business used the tag-line â€Å" Ayos Alahas mo rito† The tag-line signifies the quality of service that DJN Pawnshop is offering. It make sure the maintenance of the item’s quality. It also check the of the jewelries with an Electronic Tester to prevent scratch on the items. All items accepted are secured inside a vault and are very well taken care of. DEMAND AND SUPPLY ANALYSIS DEMAND Total Population 4,210 Potential demand 74% Total Demand 3,115 Supply Sarmiento Pawnshop 10 MegaTrade Pawnshop 15 Cebuana Lhuillier 20 M Lhuillier 20 Total 65 Demand Supply Gap Total Demand 3,115 Less: Total Supply 65 Demand supply gap 3,050 Less: Conservative Rate (20%) 610 Conservative demand supply gap 2440 Desired Market Percentage 1% Target Market per day 24 MARKETING PROGRAM (4P’s) PRODUCT/SERVICE Pawning is the main service offering of the business. Pawnshop refers to a person or entity engaged in the business of lending money on personal property delivered as security for loans and shall be synonymous, and may be used interchangeably, with pawnbroker or pawn brokerage. DJN Pawnshop also has additional services such as e-load and foreign exchange. E-load is a way to reload for prepaid internet and mobile phone users subscribed to major telecommunication networks. While, foreign exchange is the exchange of one currency for another, or the conversion of one currency into another currency. PRICE The proponents decided to offer a 60% appraisal rate on the market value of the collateral items of the costumers. DJN pawnshop charges 4% interest rate per month, holds the items for 30 days and has a 90 days grace period. The pawnshop also gives a P5 service change on every pawning transaction. All unclaimed items will be subject for auction and 25% mark-up of the value of the items pawned will be applied. PLACE DJN Pawnshop will be located at Roman cor. Soler St. , Binondo, Manila since our target market is the sales personnel, vendors and residents within the area. It is very accessible for the clients of DJN Pawnshop to visit the store whenever they will obtain a loan, and exchange for foreign currencies, since it is located beside 999 Mall and 168 Shopping Mall. PROMOTIONS Before the start of the operation of the pawnshop, an advertising campaign will be addressed and put into action. Signage should be placed within the areas around the Barangay wherein it is visible to every person who pass by. Printed materials should be disseminated showing the pawnshop’s service offerings. PROMOTION STRATEGIES PROMOTION BUDGET PROMOTION SCHEDULE 1. Promotional Flyers This will be the main marketing tool that will be utilized by the business. P 250 P 150 P 150 P 150 P 150 P 150 A week before the grand opening. December (500 pcs) Days after the grand opening January (300 pcs) Valentine’s Season February (300 pcs) Graduation Season March – April (300 pcs) School Opening/Wedding Season May – June (300 pcs) Christmas Season November – January (600 pcs) 2. Tarpaulins This will be posted especially during special occasions. P 250 P 250 P 250 P 250 Grand Opening (January) Graduation Month (March – April) School Opening (May – June) Christmas Season (December January) 3. Freebies This will be mainly given to every customers. P 600 P 500 P 500 P 600 P 500 Grand Opening (January) School Opening (June) T-shirts for the first 5 customers. Umbrella for the next 10 customers. Ball pens for the following 10 customers. Valentine’s Season, Graduation Season and Christmas Season T-shirts for the first 5 customers. Ball pens for the next 10 customers. 4. Social Networking Site Advertisement through Social Networking Sites like Facebook. This will be updated from time to time especially during occasions. Free The whole business operations 6. Privilege Card This is made to provide points for the customers that they can use as load payment upon redemption. Each card is worth P 50. P 5,000 Always available (100 pcs per year) Equivalent to P____ 7. Valentine’s Discount in Auction 10% Valentine’s Season (10% discount on the second item when the two items are bought by a single customer) PROJECTED SALES The projected sales of DJN Pawnshop is estimated as equal to the population multiplied by the target market and the percentage of the respondents who are willing to try newly-opened pawnshop within the area. 5*. 7*. 6*2 4. 2 MANAGEMENT ASPECT FORM OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION The proposed business will be in the form of partnership to be owned by Deanna Jane A. Avila and Joanne Nathalie M. Cube. Under the Civil Code of the Philippines, a partnership is treated as juridical person, having a separate legal personality from that of its members. Partnerships may either be general partnerships, where the partners have unlimited liability for the debts and obligation of the partnership, or limited partnerships, where one or more general partners have unlimited liability and the limited partners have liability only up to the amount of their capital contributions. It consists of two or more partners. A partnership with more than P3,000 capital must register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). CAPITALIZATION The business partners of DJN Pawnshop agreed to contribute Php750,000 each in equal terms and condition to be used in all operational expenses incurred. PARTNERS: Avila, Deanna Jane A. Php 350,000. 00 Cube, Joanne Nathalie M. Php 350,000 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OWNERS (MANAGERS/APPRAISERS) CLERK SECURITY GUARD SECURITY GUARD JOB DESCRIPTION AND JOB SPECIFICATION Job Title: General Managers/ Appraisers Job Specification: Candidate must possess at least a Bachelor/College degree in Finance, Accountancy, Banking, Economics, Business studies or equivalent. Knowledgeable in business operations specifically in pawning. Has excellent communication skills and must be a computer literate. Has strong leadership Has at least one year experience of being a manager. Job Description: Plans, organizes, coordinates and controls all activities of the business in order to achieve the overall established objectives and targets. Presides on managing the entire transactions of the pawnshop. Deposits daily collection to the bank. Responsible for appraising all items/valuables that are brought in the pawnshop to be pawned. Job Title: Clerk Job Specification: Candidate must possess at least a Bachelor/College degree of any course. Must have at least two (2) years experience in Pawnshop or related business. Must not be engaged directly or indirectly in any activity similar to the business of the Pawnshop. Must not be convicted of any administrative, civil, or criminal case involving moral turpitude. Gross negligence or grave misconduct in the performance of his/her duties. Must be of good character. Must not have been convicted of any administrative, civil, or criminal case involving financial and/or property accountabilities at the time of his/her appointment. Job Description: Personnel who receive all the items and record the daily transactions of the pawnshop. Job Title: Security Guard Job Specification: Must not be engaged directly or indirectly in any activity similar to the business of the Pawnshop. Must not be convicted of any administrative, civil, or criminal case involving moral turpitude. Gross negligence or grave misconduct in the performance of his/her duties. Must be of good character. Must not have been convicted of any administrative, civil, or criminal case involving financial and/or property accountabilities at the time of his/her appointment. Job Description: Responsible for securing the area of operation during daytime as well as the customers of our pawnshop. COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS Compensation DJN Pawnshop will pay at least a minimum wage rate for its full time employees. According to the National Wages and Productivity of Commission, the minimum wage rate in National Capital Region (NCR) for non-agriculture as of July 2012 will be P419-P456, effective November 2012. Furthermore, under Section 22 of RA 9504, known as National Internal Revenue Code Of 1987 states that minimum wage earners shall be exempt from the payment of income tax on their taxable income: Provided, further, that the holiday pay, overtime pay, night shift differential pay and hazard pay received by such minimum wage earners shall likewise be exempt from income tax. Regularization of employees and further increase in salary will be evaluated according to the performance evaluation made by the Managers. Wages will be distributed every 15th and 30th day of the month in the form of pay slips. Benefits Under Philippine Labor Code, there are three mandatory benefits that should be given to the employees of DJN Pawnshop. 1. SSS (Social Security System) The Social Security System in the Philippines (Republic Act No. 8282 also known as Act of 1991) is aimed at providing protection for the SSS member against socially recognized hazard conditions, such as sickness, disability, maternity, old age and death, or other such contingencies not stated but resulted in loss of income or results to a financial burden. The employee and his/her employer(s) are to contribute for the social security benefits of the said employee in accordance to a given schedule by the Philippine Social Security System. Monthly employee contribution depends on the employees actual monthly salary. 2. MEDICAL INSURANCE The employee and his/her employer(s) are to contribute for the medical insurance of the said employee in accordance to the Republic Act 7835 on Medicare Program which is administered by the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth). Monthly employee contribution depends on the employee’s actual monthly salary. The contribution schedule is provided by Phil. Health Insurance. 3. PAG-IBIG (CONTRIBUTION TO HOME DEVELOPMENT AND MUTUAL FUND (HDMF)) The employer(s) is(are) required to contribute per month not less than P100. 00 to the employee’s Home Development and Mutual Fund. In accordance to the periodic remittance schedule provided by HDMF, the employer(s) will remit this contribution, in addition to that of the employee’s, which is to be deducted from his/her payroll. 4. 13th Month Pay As provided by the Presidential Decree No. 851, the employee shall receive a bonus salary equivalent to one (1) month, regardless of the nature of his/her Employment, not later than December 24 of every year. 5. OVERTIME PAY Under Article 87, work may be performed beyond eight (8) hours a day provided that the employee is paid for the overtime work, an additional compensation equivalent to his regular wage plus at least twenty-five percent (25%) thereof. Work performed beyond eight hours on a holiday or rest day shall be paid an additional compensation equivalent to the rate of the first eight hours on a holiday or rest day plus at least thirty percent (30%) thereof. Computation Overtime on Ordinary Day Work on special or holiday 6. HOLIDAY PAY When the employee is required to work on legal declared holidays or special days, pawnshop needs to pay the employee twice as his/her daily salary. 7. RETIREMENT PAY If the company has employees who have reached the age of 60 years or more but not beyond 65 years old, the company needs to pay them retirement. The minimum retirement pay is one-half (1/2) month salary for every year of service. A fraction of at least six (6) months is considered as one whole year. 15 days salary based on the latest salary rate; Cash equivalent of 5 days of service incentive leave; One-twelfth (1/12) of the 13th month pay. 8. SERVICE INCENTIVE LEAVES It is in Article 95 Book III, Chapter 3 of the Labor Code of the Philippines that covers the employee’s benefit for Service Incentive Leaves, an employee who has rendered at least one year of service is entitled to a yearly five days service incentive leave with pay. 9. Meal and Rest Periods The employee is provided a one (1) hour employee benefit for regular meals, when working on an eight-hour stretch. Employees are also provided adequate rest periods in the afternoon for thirty (30

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Recession in the United Kingdom

Introduction United Kingdom’s GDP fell in 2012and raised a fear of possible recession with regards to the data on economic performance. As a matter of fact, the pound which is the main exchange currency sank significantly. Besides, the British government bond prices rose significantly upon release.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Recession in the United Kingdom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The PMI suddenly fell from the previous figure of 50.5 to 47.9 within the twelve months of 2012 (Oxlade 2012). Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explicitly review the background information on possible reasons for the recession, its effects to the economy, policies for reversing the recession, and effectiveness of these policies. Reasons Why UK is Experiencing Recession Despite a series of campaign by the authority to boost lending, approval of mortgages dragged. As indicated in the UK central bank data for the year 2012, â€Å"mortgage lending grew by 147 million pounds, the smallest increase since August, also less than forecast† (Oxlade 2012, p. 2). Basically, the sudden plunge in the output of factories that contributes 10% of the total GDP could be another possible reason for the recession. This plunge contributed to a negative economic growth of 0.1%. The finance minister blamed the ‘Chinese New Year Holidays’ as a serious disruption that might have triggered trade delays in addition to decline in demand in the housing sector since the pound currency was very unstable. As indicated in the above data, it is apparent that the UK’s economy is operating below the full employment. Unemployment level caused by recession creates disequilibrium in the market, that is, there is a surplus supply with a corresponding lowerdemand for commodities and factors of production. The disequilibrium state pushed the market rates down resulting in high cost of production and high cost of outputs. This caused an increase in prices of goods and services. With increased prices of goods and services, consumers’ real wealth: in terms of purchasing power, decreased thus, decreasing the aggregate consumption in the UK economy. As consumer expenditure decreases, the level of aggregate demand also decreases until the full employment level of output is attained (Uwasu 2006). However, this was not possible in the economy of the UK. How Recession Affected the Economy of UK In the middle of the last decade, UK’s economy had the largest structural deficit as compared to other European economies. In 2012, the manufacturing industry that formed its backbone was hard hit since these industries are often very sensitive to business cycle changes.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The government of UK opted for heavy expenditure to support the 2012 Oly mpic Games. Unfortunately, this did not work and instead, the deficit of this country increased un-proportionally to the GDP (The World Bank Group, 2012). As opined by Neuhaus (2006) â€Å"strong capital accumulation has driven the growth process in the transition countries† (p. 8). However, this is not the case in the UK due to recession. Rather, due to large public debt, the long term economic growth is likely to be compromised since the factors of products will eventually become very expensive and not competitive since this economy has to trade with competitors such as China that has relatively affordable factors of production (Mankiw, 2007). As a matter of fact, â€Å"economic growth is primarily explained by the accumulation of physical capital and labor† (Neuhaus 2006, p. 23). This should be balanced with the current market requirements to meet the demand threshold. Thus, from the above reflection, technological process of the UK is likely to be compromised in th e long run and demand and supply sides of the economy will operate at deficit parameters as factors of production such as labor, capital, and raw material of the manufacturing industry becomes very scarce (Sercu 2011). In addition, the exogenous progress as a result of competitive advantage may seriously be compromised as investors will opt to move to more friendly economic zones away from the UK. Due to the retarded growth rate of the UK’s GDP as a result of the recession crisis, the quantity of the economy’s capital stock of physical nature and input of labor will cause decomposition of the residual growth characterized by unstable Total Factor Productivity. In addition, UK’s performance of total employment units as a measure of economic will perform dismally in the long term since reduced capital will influenced reduction on ‘man hours’ of work and lowered income forlabor payment is often based on the units of labor provided as a factor of produc tion (Neuhaus 2006). Policy Recommendations The government should incorporate Coincident indicators in the explicit review of the economy. They are expansive series that measure aggregate economic movement. This is because they change approximately concurrently as the whole economy. Some of coincident indicators are trade sales, production, employment, manufacturing, and personal income. Through tracking these changes, the government will be in a position to predict and create appropriate responses to swings in the economy. The government of the UK should adopt an expansionary production economy model in the major industries in the UK. As a result, the delicate exposure of the UK’s economy to competitive trade with neighboring countries will increase its entities by hundreds of billions of pounds in the long run.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Recession in the United Kingdom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn Mor e Due to increased entities, the GDP will substantially increase as factors of production, productivity and competitive advantage in trade will increase massively. Same as the views of Mankiw (2007), economic growth is mainly defined by the national GDP which comprises of the balance sheet of factors of production against returns. At the present, UK’s factors of production such as labor, capital and raw material have become unstable due to the recession as a result of uncontrolled public debt, currency instability, and discretionary economic policies. In the long run, these factors are likely to lead to hyper-inflation, serious unemployment and lowered productivity. Through expansionary production economy model, the UK government will salvage the economy from further plunge into recession cycle (The Telegraph 2013). Often, stimulating the economy requires combined use of both monetary and fiscal policies. The UK government should stimulate this economy by using fiscal polic ies. Fiscal policy entails the use of taxes and government spending to stimulate the economy. To increase consumer spending in the economy, the government should put in place tax cuts. Reduction of tax increases consumers’ disposal income thus increasing spending. An increase in consumer spending increases demand for goods and services (Mankiw 2007). This creates an upward pressure on the supply. It in turn leads to expansion of production thus, creating employment opportunities. As an austerity measure, the government of the UK should respond to the recession crisis through cutting the public expenditures in the economy. Decreasing government spending decreases the purchasing power in the economy in the long run. This leads to an increase in aggregate demand in the economy. An increase in aggregate demand causes expansion of production lines, thus opening the economy to expansionary growth. Policy Effectiveness in the UK Economy Reflectively, demand and supply are the fundam entals of economic growth analysis as the interaction of the market to economic swings such as the UK recession may lead to stagnant growth in the GDP. The law of demand and supply works in opposite ways in the sense that, when the prices of commodities changes, demand and supply also change in opposite direction holding other factors constant (The World Bank Group 2012). The magnitude of change of demand and supply depends on the economic climate besides the nature of the industry and the dynamics of the market. Tax cuts and reduced public expenditure will stimulate the economy since an increase in aggregate demand causes expansion of production lines, thus opening the economy to expansionary growth (Albert 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Expansionary production economy model policies result in improved investments in the economy. As the capital stock appreciates due to increased investments since the cost of factors of production are made affordable, this economy is likely to gain a long term boom due to massive appreciation that can offset the balance between investments and returns. Besides, the marginal product of capital in this economy will increase above the current negative GDP growth (International Monetary Fund 2008). Moreover, due to increase in labor as a result of increase in the capital stock, the income of this economy is likely to increase tremendously as output per production factor is positively influenced by expansionary investment (Siddidui 2005). The expanding labor force will ultimately increase labor efficiency at macro level of the UK economy in the long run. Reference List Albert, R. 2009, The Conference Board: Business Cycle Indicators Handbook. Web. International Monetary Fund 2008, World Economic Outlook: Advanced Structural Reforms, IMF, Washington. Mankiw, N. 2007, Principles of Economics, Thomson Higher Education, Mason. Neuhaus, M. 2006, The Impact of FDI on Economic Growth: An Analysis for the Transition Countries of Central and Eastern Europe, Springer, Cambridge. Oxlade, A. 2012, Economy watch: What caused the return to recession and how long will it last? Web. Sercu, P. 2011, International Finance: Theory into Practice, Princeton University Press, New Jersey. Siddiqui, S. 2005, Managerial economics and financial analysis, New age international (P) Limited, New Delhi. The Telegraph 2013, GDP figures: UK economy shrinks – as it happened. Web. The World Bank Group 2012, The World Bank Data. Web. Uwasu, M. 2006, The Solow Growth Model. Web. This essay on Recession in the United Kingdom was written and submitted by user Mekhi Mcconnell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.